SAT Vocabulary Ep. 34: 10 High-Frequency Words, Definitions & Practice Quiz

SAT high-frequency vocabulary Set 34: compendium, concomitant, contravene, deduce, espouse, and 5 more words with definitions, look-alike word pairs, and a 13-question practice quiz.

CRAMBOOKNOTES SAT Vocab Series

SAT High-Frequency Vocabulary

Ep.34 Words in Context - Set 34

High School Grades 10-12 10 Key Words Digital SAT

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Word List

Word	Part of Speech	Definition	SAT Context
Compendium Neutral	noun	A concise collection or summary of information on a particular subject	"The professor's notes eventually grew into a compendium of every major theory in the field."
Concomitant Neutral	adjective	Naturally accompanying or occurring alongside something else	"The report links the region's rapid growth to a concomitant rise in housing costs."
Contravene Negative	verb	To violate or act against a rule, law, or agreement	"The new zoning proposal appeared to contravene regulations the city had passed only a year earlier."
Deduce Neutral	verb	To reach a conclusion through logical reasoning based on given facts	"From the pattern of citations alone, the researcher was able to deduce which paper had influenced the field most."
Espouse Neutral	verb	To adopt or publicly support a belief, cause, or way of life	"The pamphlet openly espouses a return to the farming methods used before industrialization."
Exonerate Positive	verb	To officially clear someone of blame or wrongdoing	"New DNA evidence ultimately exonerated the man who had spent over a decade in prison."
Germane Positive	adjective	Relevant and appropriate to the subject being discussed	"The judge reminded the attorney to keep his questions germane to the case rather than the witness's personal history."
Impugn Negative	verb	To challenge or dispute the truth, honesty, or integrity of something	"The editorial stopped short of impugning the mayor's honesty, focusing instead on his policy choices."
Presage Neutral	verb	To be a sign or warning that something, usually significant, is about to happen	"The sudden drop in bird activity seemed to presage the storm that arrived hours later."
Warrant Neutral	verb	To justify or provide sufficient grounds for something	"The committee concluded that the modest improvement in test scores did not warrant the program's continued funding."

Look-Alike Words

Opposite Charge · Contrast Pair

Exonerate

To officially clear someone of blame or wrongdoing.

Impugn

To challenge or cast doubt on someone's honesty or integrity.

Tip: Exonerate removes blame. Impugn adds doubt about someone's character - they move in opposite directions.

Commonly Confused · Similar Function

Deduce

To reach a conclusion through logical reasoning.

Warrant

To provide sufficient justification for an action or belief.

Tip: Deduce is the process of arriving at a conclusion. Warrant is about whether something provides enough grounds to justify a response.

Commonly Confused · Similar Function

Germane

Directly relevant to the topic at hand.

Concomitant

Naturally accompanying or occurring alongside something else.

Tip: Germane means something belongs in the conversation. Concomitant means something tends to show up alongside something else, whether or not it's the main topic.

Vocabulary Video

Watch - SAT Vocabulary Ep.34

Practice Quiz

SAT Vocab Ep.34 - Practice Quiz

Question 1 of 13

The professor's notes eventually grew into a __________ of every major theory in the field.

Question 2 of 13

The report links the region's rapid growth to a __________ rise in housing costs.

Question 3 of 13

The new proposal appeared to __________ regulations passed only a year earlier.

Question 4 of 13

From the pattern of citations alone, the researcher was able to __________ which paper had influenced the field most.

Question 5 of 13

The pamphlet openly __________ a return to older farming methods.

Question 6 of 13

New DNA evidence ultimately __________ the man who had spent over a decade in prison.

Question 7 of 13

The judge reminded the attorney to keep his questions __________ to the case.

Question 8 of 13

The editorial stopped short of __________ the mayor's honesty.

Question 9 of 13

The sudden drop in bird activity seemed to __________ the storm that arrived hours later.

Question 10 of 13

The committee concluded the modest improvement did not __________ continued funding.

Question 11 of 13

Look-Alike Check: A witness who casts doubt on a defendant's honesty on the stand is choosing to __________ him, rather than exonerate him.

Question 12 of 13

Look-Alike Check: A single minor typo in an otherwise flawless report probably doesn't __________ a full rewrite, even if a careful reader might deduce the writer was rushing at the end.

Question 13 of 13

Look-Alike Check: A rise in insurance costs that tends to follow every major storm season is __________ to hurricane damage, distinct from a fact that is simply germane to a broader climate discussion.

out of 13 correct

Full explanations for every question appear below after you check your answers.

Answer Key & Explanations

1Compendium. Notes growing into a full collection covering every major theory is exactly what compendium means.

2Concomitant. A rise in housing costs naturally accompanying growth is exactly what concomitant describes.

3Contravene. A proposal going against regulations passed a year earlier is exactly what contravene means.

4Deduce. Reaching a conclusion about influence from a citation pattern is exactly what deduce describes.

5Espouse. Openly supporting older farming methods is exactly what espouse means.

6Exonerate. New evidence clearing someone after years in prison is exactly what exonerate means.

7Germane. Questions that stay relevant to the case are exactly what germane describes.

8Impugn. Casting doubt on someone's honesty is exactly what impugn means.

9Presage. A drop in bird activity signaling an approaching storm is exactly what presage describes.

10Warrant. Concluding that modest improvement doesn't justify continued funding is exactly what warrant means.

11Impugn. Casting doubt on a defendant's honesty is impugn, the opposite direction of exonerate, which clears blame.

12Warrant. Whether something provides enough grounds for a big response is about warrant, distinct from deduce, which is simply drawing a conclusion.

13Concomitant. Costs that naturally follow storm season are concomitant, accompanying a specific cause, distinct from germane, which just means relevant to a topic.

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